The EU Horizon project ADAC.io aims to support the defender community in strengthening capabilities and methodologies related to the ongoing work of attributing information influence operations.
This report presents an updated version of the NATO Stratcom CoE and Hybrid CoE IIO Attribution Framework, incorporating new insights and examples that illustrate how it has been and can be applied in practice.
Authored by Björn Palmertz, Elsa Isaksson, and James Pamment at the Lund University Psychological Defence Research Institute.
By addressing both the technical and conceptual challenges of attribution, this report aims to enhance the ability of democratic states and alliances to counter the complex and evolving threat posed by IIOs.
Through case studies such as Doppelgänger, LVU, and Paperwall, the report demonstrates the framework’s real-world applications. It also reviews methodologies from organisations such as Microsoft, Google, EUvsDisinfo, and Debunk.org, emphasising the role of open-source intelligence (OSINT) and proprietary data.
It emphasises the importance of transparency, collaboration, and methodological rigor in the attribution process, offering a pathway to more effective and credible responses.